Tenses - English Grammar

1. Simple Present
Simple Present expresses situations that exist always, usually, habitually.
Simple Present have existed in the past, exist now, and probably will exist in the future
Simple Present says that something was true in the past, is true in the present, and will be true in the future. It is used for general statements of fact

Form: S + V(present participle) + O

Example:
- The sun shines every morning
- Hanifah goes to school every day

2. Simple Past
Simple Past expresses situations at one particular time in the past. It began and ended in the past

Form: S + V(simple past) + O

Example:
- Hanifah went to school yesterday
- Hanifah found her bag in the room

3. Simple Future
Simple Future expresses situations at one particular time in the future, this will be happen

Form: S + will +V(present participle) + O

Example:
- I will go tomorrow
- She will study tomorrow

4. Present Continuous
Present Continuous expresses situations that is in progress at the present time, and probably will continue

Form: S + is/am + V(present participle) + ing + O

Example:
- I am swimming now
- He is studying now

5. Past Continuous
Past Continuous expresses situations that was in progress at a particular time in the past. It probably contunued.

Form: S + was/were + V(present participle) + ing + O

Example:
- My baby was sleeping when I arrived
- He was studying when I watched television

6. Future Continuous
Future Continuous expresses situations that will be in progress at a particular time in the future. It probably will continue

Form: S + will be + V(present participle) + ing + O

Example:
- She will be sleeping when I arrive
- He will be studying when I watch television

7. Present Perfect
Present Perfect expresses one thing happen before another event at the present time

Form: S + has/have + V(past participle)+ O

Example:
- He has already eaten
- I have already seen his car

8. Past Perfect
Past Perfect expresses one thing happen before another event in the past

Form: S + had + V(past participle) + O

Example:
- He had already eaten when I arrived
- I had already seen his car when he arrived

9. Future Perfect
Future Perfect expresses one thing happen before another event in the future

Form: S + will + has/have + V(past participle) + O

Example:
- He will already have eaten when I arrive
- I will already have seen his car when he arrive

10. Present Perfect Continuous
Present Perfect Continuous expresses one event is in progress immediately before, up to, until another or event at the present time. This tense is used to express the duration of the first event.

Form: S + has/have + been + V(present participle) + ing + O

Example:
- I have been working for eight hours
- She has been crying for one hours

11. Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous expresses one event is in progress immediately before, up to, until another or event in the past time. This tense is used to express the duration of the first event.

Form: S + had + been + V(present participle) + ing + O

Example:
- I had been working for eight hours
- She had been crying for one hours

12. Future Perfect Continuous
Future Perfect Continuous expresses one event is in progress immediately before, up to, until another or event in the future time. This tense is used to express the duration of the first event.

Form: S + will + has/have + V(present participle) + ing + O

Example:
- I will have been working for eight hours by the time you go
- She will have been crying for one hours by the time I arrive